Kick Start Argument Writing

Kick Start Argument Writing 

Beyond CSET: Using rhetorical appeals to support claims and respond to opposing arguments

also on Schoology Group "Teacher's Tools" 

Code 8M5SS-DVGCZIdeas for Classroom Use

Rhetorical appeals: good arguments generally use all three.
Logos
• Appeal to reason or logic
• Use of inductive reasoning – take facts and draw generalizations using a sufficient amount of reliable evidence
• Use of deductive reasoning – take a generalization that is based on reliable evidence and apply it to a case
Ethos
• Based on character, credibility or reliability of the writer.  Writers can establish good character by using only credible sources, stating opposing view accurately, and establishing common ground with the audience.
• Organize argument in a simple pattern such as chronological from general to detailed or earliest to most recent.
Pathos
• Emotional appeal to audience’s needs, values, and emotions
• Use of personal stories, interviews to explain reality or truth.

"Using Rhetorical Strategies for Persuasion." Purdue OWL. Purdue University, 2017. Web. 18 July 2017. <https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/588/04/>.

All About Rhetoric

1. It’s everywhere: conversations, movies, ads, books, media even Facebook and Twitter!
2. Aristotle said, “Rhetoric is the faculty of observing in any given case, the available means of persuasion.”
3. Three elements: the speaker, the audience, the subject

John F. Kennedy’s Famous Line as an example of Rhetoric

“Ask not what your country can do for you – ask what you can do for your country.” Appeals to the ethics of the speaker and the listener, suggests a solution, and evokes emotional patriotism.

 Visual Rhetoric 

Symbolic gestures, graphic designs and actions shots in film link the visual to the linguistic to help analyze and take away intentional meaning.



Diane Albanese, Cape Henlopen Literacy Specialist, 2017